Programmes with limited evidence
Limited Evidence of Effectiveness: Strong Evidence of Modest Effects
Studies meet the criteria for “Moderate Evidence of Effectiveness” except that the weighted mean effect size is +0.10 to +0.19.
Not available in the UK
Open Court Reading
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| A basal text book series that uses phonetic readers in early years, a focus on direct instruction of specific skills throughout the programme, scripted teachers' manuals, teacher training, and follow-up. | |||
| Type | Curr | Available in UK | No |
| Contact/ Website | US website: www.sraonline.com/oc_home.html | ||
Scholastic Phonics Readers with Literacy Place
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| A supplementary phonics instructional programme designed as an optional addition to Literacy Place, Scholastic's basal reading text, which incorporates phonetic texts to provide intensive phonics practice in the context of engaging stories. | |||
| Type | Curr | Available in UK | No |
| Contact/ Website | US website: www.teacher.scholastic.com/literacyplace/ | ||
Direct Instruction
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| An approach to beginning reading instruction that emphasises a step-by-step approach to phonics, de-codable texts that make use of a unique initial teaching alphabet, and structured, scripted manuals for teachers. | |||
| Type | Curr + IP | Available in UK | No |
| Contact/ Website | US website: www.nifdi.org/ |
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Limited Evidence of Effectiveness: Weak Evidence with Notable Effects
Studies have a weighted mean effect size of at least +0.20, but do not qualify for ‘moderate evidence of effectiveness’ due to insufficient numbers of studies or small sample sizes.
Available in the UK
Early Reading Research |
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| A whole-class reading programme in which children are taught as a whole class, rather than in small reading groups. Teachers are given professional development in structured, systematic methods of teaching phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency, comprehension, and oral reading. | |||
| Type | IP | Available in UK | Yes |
| Contact/ Website | E-mail: j.e.solity@warwick.ac.uk |
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Four Blocks |
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| A professional development approach in which teachers of pupils aged 6-9 use non-ability grouped, multi-level instruction. | |||
| Type | IP | Available in UK | Yes |
| Contact/ Website | Available in the UK through www.teachingoffthewall.co.uk |
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Phonics-Based Reading |
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| Computer software designed to help beginning readers learn word-attack skills. Pupils work independently at computer stations through an individualised, structured series of activities that progress from words in isolation to sentences and paragraphs. (Foundation Reading has replaced this product – the content is the same, but the software is updated) | |||
| Type | IT | Available in UK | Yes |
| Contact/ Website | www.lexiauk.co.uk (Product training available, in person or on-line) Contact: info@lexiauk.co.uk |
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Not available in the UK
Classwide Peer Tutoring |
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| A co-operative learning approach in which pupils regularly work in pairs, engage in structured tutoring activities, and frequently reverse roles. | |||
| Type | IP | Available in UK | No |
| Contact/ Website | US contact: Charles Greenwood, University of Kansas, greenwood@ku.edu | ||
Ladders to Literacy
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| A professional development programme for Year 1 that focuses on phonics and phonemic awareness, rhyming, and letter sounds. Teachers receive extensive training and follow-up. | |||
| Type | IP | Available in UK | No |
| Contact/ Website | E-mail: anotari@wri-edu.org Website: www.wri-edu.org/ladders/about.htm |
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Open Court Phonics Kit |
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| Provides teachers with extensive training and materials to teach phonics skills. | |||
| Type | Curr | Available in UK | No |
| Contact/ Website | US website: www.sraonline.com/oc_home.html | ||
Orton-gillingham Approach |
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|---|---|---|---|
| A structured, phonetic reading approach that uses multisensory teaching, emphasizing visual, auditory, kinesthetic, and tactile teaching strategies. | |||
| Type | IP | Available in UK | No |
| Contact/ Website | E-mail: ortonacademy@verizon.net Website: www.ortonacademy.org |
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Reading and Integrated Literacy Strategies (RAILS) |
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| Provides pupils aged 5-8 with a second reading period each day to supplement normal reading provision, and provides teachers with extensive professional development focusing on explicit instruction in phonemic awareness, phonics, comprehension, and vocabulary. | |||
| Type | IP | Available in UK | No |
| Contact/ Website | E-mail: RJS15@PSU.EDU | ||
Sing, spell, Read and Write |
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|---|---|---|---|
| A phonetic approach to beginning reading and writing instruction that uses songs, phonetic storybooks, and systematic, step-by-step development of word attack skills. | |||
| Type | IP | Available in UK | No |
| Contact/ Website | E-mail: k12cs@custhelp.com Website: www.pearsonschool.com |
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Beginning reading
Educator's summary
As PDF document 
As web pages
Programmes with limited evidence
Full report (168 pages)
As PDF document
